ROUTER COMMANDS TERMINAL CONTROLS:
Config# terminal editing - allows for enhanced editing commands Config# terminal monitor - shows output on telnet session
Config# terminal ip netmask-format hexadecimal|bit-count|decimal - changes the format of subnet masks HOST NAME:
Config# hostname ROUTER_NAME BANNER:
Config# banner motd # TYPE MESSAGE HERE # - # can be substituted for any character, must start and finish the message DESCRIPTIONS:
Config# description THIS IS THE SOUTH ROUTER - can be entered at the Config-if level CLOCK:
Config# clock timezone Central -6 # clock set hh:mm:ss dd month yyyy - Example: clock set 14:35:00 25 August 2003 CHANGING THE REGISTER:
Config# config-register 0x2100 - ROM Monitor Mode
Config# config-register 0x2101 - ROM boot
Config# config-register 0x2102 - Boot from NVRAM BOOT SYSTEM:
Config# boot system tftp FILENAME SERVER_IP - Example: boot system tftp 2600_ios.bin 192.168.14.2
Config# boot system ROM
Config# boot system flash - Then - Config# reload
CDP:
Config# cdp run - Turns CDP on
Config# cdp holdtime 180 - Sets the time that a device remains. Default is 180
Config# cdp timer 30 - Sets the update timer.The default is 60
Config# int Ethernet 0
Config-if# cdp enable - Enables cdp on the interface
Config-if# no cdp enable - Disables CDP on the interface
Config# no cdp run - Turns CDP off HOST TABLE:
Config# ip host ROUTER_NAME INT_Address - Example: ip host lab-a 192.168.5.1 -or-
Config# ip host RTR_NAME INT_ADD1 INT_ADD2 INT_ADD3 - Example: ip host lab-a 192.168.5.1 205.23.4.2 199.2.3.2 - (for e0, s0, s1) DOMAIN NAME SERVICES:
Config# ip domain-lookup - Tell router to lookup domain names
Config# ip name-server 122.22.2.2 - Location of DNS server
Config# ip domain-name cisco.com - Domain to append to end of names CLEARING COUNTERS:
# clear interface Ethernet 0 - Clears counters on the specified interface
# clear counters - Clears all interface counters
# clear cdp counters - Clears CDP counters STATIC ROUTES:
Config# ip route Net_Add SN_Mask Next_Hop_Add - Example: ip route 192.168.15.0 255.255.255.0 205.5.5.2
Config# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Next_Hop_Add - Default route -or-
Config# ip default-network Net_Add - Gateway LAN network
IP ROUTING:
Config# ip routing - Enabled by default
Config# router rip -or- Config# router igrp 100
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config-if# ip address 122.2.3.2 255.255.255.0
Config-if# no shutdown IPX ROUTING:
Config# ipx routing
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config# ipx maximum-paths 2 - Maximum equal metric paths used
Config-if# ipx network 222 encapsulation sap - Also Novell-Ether, SNAP, ARPA on Ethernet. Encapsulation HDLC on serial
Config-if# no shutdown ACCESS LISTS: IP Standard 1-99 IP Extended 100-199 IPX Standard 800-899 IPX Extended 900-999 IPX SAP Filters 1000-1099
IP STANDARD:
Config# access-list 10 permit 133.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 - allow all src ip’s on network 133.2.2.0 -or-
Config# access-list 10 permit host 133.2.2.2 - specifies a specific host -or-
Config# access-list 10 permit any - allows any address
Config# int Ethernet 0
Config-if# ip access-group 10 in - also available: out
IP EXTENDED:
Config# access-list 101 permit tcp 133.12.0.0 0.0.255.255 122.3.2.0 0.0.0.255 eq telnet -protocols: tcp, udp, icmp, ip (no sockets then), among others -source then destination address -eq, gt, lt for comparison -sockets can be numeric or name (23 or telnet, 21 or ftp, etc) -or-
Config# access-list 101 deny tcp any host 133.2.23.3 eq www -or-
Config# access-list 101 permit ip any any
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config-if# ip access-group 101 out IPX STANDARD:
Config# access-list 801 permit 233 AA3 - source network/host then destination network/host -or-
Config# access-list 801 permit -1 -1 - “-1” is the same as “any” with network/host addresses
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config-if# ipx access-group 801 out IPX EXTENDED:
Config# access-list 901 permit sap 4AA all 4BB all - Permit protocol src_add socket dest_add socket -“all” includes all sockets, or can use socket numbers -or-
Config# access-list 901 permit any any all any all -Permits any protocol with any address on any socket to go anywhere
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config-if# ipx access-group 901 in
IPX SAP FILTER:
Config# access-list 1000 permit 4aa 3 - “3” is the service type -or-
Config# access-list 1000 permit 4aa 0 - service type of “0” matches all services
Config# interface Ethernet 0
Config-if# ipx input-sap-filter 1000 - filter applied to incoming packets -or-
Config-if# ipx output-sap-filter 1000 - filter applied to outgoing packets NAMED ACCESS LISTS:
Config# ip access-list standard LISTNAME -can be ip or ipx, standard or extended -followed by the permit or deny list
Config# permit any
Config-if# ip access-group LISTNAME in -use the list name instead of a list number -allows for a larger amount of access-lists PPP SETUP:
Config-if# encapsulation ppp
Config-if# ppp authentication chap pap -order in which they will be used -only attempted with the authentification listed -if one fails, then connection is terminated
Config-if# exit
Config# username Lab-b password 123456 -username is the router that will be connecting to this one -only specified routers can connect -or-
Config-if# ppp chap hostname ROUTER
Config-if# ppp chap password 123456 -if this is set on all routers, then any of them can connect to any other -set same on all for easy configuration
ISDN SETUP:
Config# isdn switch-type basic-5ess - determined by telecom
Config# interface serial 0
Config-if# isdn spid1 2705554564 - isdn “phonenumber” of line 1
Config-if# isdn spid2 2705554565 - isdn “phonenumber” of line 2
Config-if# encapsulation PPP - or HDLC, LAPD DDR - 4 Steps to setting up ISDN with DDR
1. Configure switch type Config# isdn switch-type basic-5ess - can be done at interface config
2. Configure static routes Config# ip route 123.4.35.0 255.255.255.0 192.3.5.5 - sends traffic destined for 123.4.35.0 to 192.3.5.5 Config# ip route 192.3.5.5 255.255.255.255 bri0 - specifies how to get to network 192.3.5.5 (through bri0)
3. Configure Interface Config-if# ip address 192.3.5.5 255.255.255.0 Config-if# no shutdown Config-if# encapsulation ppp Config-if# dialer-group 1 - applies dialer-list to this interface Config-if# dialer map ip 192.3.5.6 name Lab-b 5551212 connect to lab-b at 5551212 with ip 192.3.5.6 if there is interesting traffic can also use “dialer string 5551212” instead if there is only one router to connect to
4. Specify interesting traffic Config# dialer-list 1 ip permit any -or- Config# dialer-list 1 ip list 101 - use the access-list 101 as the dialer list
5. Other Options Config-if# hold-queue 75 - queue 75 packets before dialing Config-if# dialer load-threshold 125 either -load needed before second line is brought up -“125” is any number 1-255, where % load is x/255 (ie 125/255 is about 50%) -can check by in, out, or either Config-if# dialer idle-timeout 180 -determines how long to stay idle before terminating the session -default is 120
FRAME RELAY SETUP:
Config# interface serial 0
Config-if# encapsulation frame-relay - cisco by default, can change to ietf
Config-if# frame-relay lmi-type cisco - cisco by default, also ansi, q933a
Config-if# bandwidth 56
Config-if# interface serial 0.100 point-to-point - subinterface
Config-if# ip address 122.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
Config-if# frame-relay interface-dlci 100 -maps the dlci to the interface -can add BROADCAST and/or IETF at the end
Config-if# interface serial 1.100 multipoint
Config-if# no inverse-arp - turns IARP off; good to do
Config-if# frame-relay map ip 122.1.1.2 48 ietf broadcast -maps an IP to a dlci (48 in this case) -required if IARP is turned off -ietf and broadcast are optional
Config-if# frame-relay map ip 122.1.1.3 54 broadcast
SHOW COMMANDS
Show access-lists - all access lists on the router
Show cdp - cdp timer and holdtime frequency
Show cdp entry * - same as next
Show cdp neighbors detail - details of neighbor with ip add and ios version
Show cdp neighbors - id, local interface, holdtime, capability, platform portid
Show cdp interface - int’s running cdp and their encapsulation
Show cdp traffic - cdp packets sent and received
Show controllers serial 0 - DTE or DCE status
Show dialer - number of times dialer string has been reached, other stats
Show flash - files in flash
Show frame-relay lmi - lmi stats
Show frame-relay map - static and dynamic maps for PVC’s
Show frame-relay pvc - pvc’s and dlci’s
Show history - commands entered
Show hosts - contents of host table
Show int f0/26 - stats of f0/26
Show interface Ethernet 0 - show stats of Ethernet 0
Show ip - ip config of switch
Show ip access-lists - ip access-lists on switch
Show ip interface - ip config of interface
Show ip protocols - routing protocols and timers
Show ip route - Displays IP routing table
Show ipx access-lists - same, only ipx
Show ipx interfaces - RIP and SAP info being sent and received, IPX addresses
Show ipx route - ipx routes in the table
Show ipx servers - SAP table
Show ipx traffic - RIP and SAP info
Show isdn active - number with active status
Show isdn status - shows if SPIDs are valid, if connected
Show mac-address-table - contents of the dynamic table
Show protocols - routed protocols and net_addresses of interfaces
Show running-config - dram config file
Show sessions - connections via telnet to remote device
Show startup-config - nvram config file
Show terminal - shows history size
Show trunk a/b - trunk stat of port 26/27
Show version - ios info, uptime, address of switch
Show vlan - all configured vlan’s
Show vlan-membership - vlan assignments
Show vtp - vtp configs
CATALYST COMMANDS For Native IOS - Not CatOS
SWITCH ADDRESS:
Config# ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
Config# ip default-gateway 192.168.10.1
DUPLEX MODE:
Config# interface Ethernet 0/5 - “fastethernet” for 100 Mbps ports
Config-if# duplex full - also, half | auto | full-flow-control
SWITCHING MODE:
Config# switching-mode store-and-forward - also, fragment-free
MAC ADDRESS CONFIGS:
Config# mac-address-table permanent aaab.000f.ffef e0/2 - only this mac will work on this port
Config# mac-address-table restricted static aaab.000f.ffef e0/2 e0/3 -port 3 can only send data out port 2 with that mac -very restrictive security
Config-if# port secure max-mac-count 5 - allows only 5 mac addresses mapped to this port
VLANS:
Config# vlan 10 name FINANCE
Config# interface Ethernet 0/3
Config-if# vlan-membership static 10
TRUNK LINKS:
Config-if# trunk on - also, off | auto | desirable | nonegotiate
Config-if# no trunk-vlan 2 -removes vlan 2 from the trunk port -by default, all vlans are set on a trunk port
CONFIGURING VTP:
Config# delete vtp - should be done prior to adding to a network
Config# vtp server - the default is server, also client and transparent
Config# vtp domain Camp - name doesn’t matter, just so all switches use the same
Config# vtp password 1234 - limited security
Config# vtp pruning enable - limits vtp broadcasts to only switches affected
Config# vtp pruning disable FLASH UPGRADE:
Config# copy tftp://192.5.5.5/configname.ios opcode - “opcode” for ios upgrade, “nvram” for startup config DELETE STARTUP CONFIG:
Config# delete nvram
